ESPANOL PARA NEGOCIOS Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

ESPANOL PARA NEGOCIOS - Essay Example El Acuerdo General sobre Aranceles y Comercio fue creado con el objetivo de eliminar barreras que afecten el comercio. El nà ºmero de paà ­ses fue crecido hasta llegar a noventa y seis. Muchos paà ­ses de las Amà ©ricas fueron miembros. Este tratado terminà ³ y empezà ³ en su lugar la Organizacià ³n Mundial de Comercio (OMC) en 1995. Han sido otros tratados entre los paà ­ses de Amà ©rica Latina. El Mercado Comà ºn del Sur (MERCOSUR) fue creado en 1991 entre Argentina, Brasil, Uruguay y Paraguay. El tratado de Asuncià ³n tiene por objetivo promover el movimiento de bienes, personas y capital. A partir del 4 de julio de 2006 Venezuela se alià ³ con los otros paà ­ses. Ya Bolivia, Chile, Perà º, Colombia y Ecuador son estados miembros asociados. El Mercado Comà ºn del Sur ha causado muchos beneficios a los paà ­ses participantes. Desde 1990 se aumenta mucho el comercio de los paà ­ses. Tienen la oportunidad de producir la diversificacià ³n en los productos y las relaciones comerciales. En aà ±os pasados cuando, por ejemplo, Brasil tenà ­a relaciones comerciales con la Unià ³n Europea no tenà ­a la obligacià ³n de importar bienes y servicios con los paà ­ses sudamericanos. Aparte de las razones economà ­as el mercado tambià ©n tiene beneficios sociales. Permite la integracià ³n de expresiones artà ­sticas y comparten actividades culturales e histà ³ricas. Uno de los desafà ­os del Mercado Comà ºn del Sur es el nivel de los avances en el à ¡rea cientà ­fico y tecnolà ³gico. Tambià ©n el sistema de productividad es diferente en cada paà ­s como los servicios y la infraestructura. Se presenta una fluctuacià ³n entre las industrias diferentes. No hay mucha seguridad entre las zonas fronterizas. Los paà ­ses tienen que tomar medidas para reducir la ocurrencia de contrabandos. La Comunidad Andina de Naciones (CAN) estaba formada por Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Perà º y Venezuela en 1997. Este acuerdo se inicià ³ cuando se firmà ³ el Pacto Andino en 1969.

Slavery in Africa Before Imperialism and After Essay Example for Free

Slavery in Africa Before Imperialism and After Essay Africa can sadly be called the center of the world’s slavery. Slavery’s origins can be traced down to Africa. Of course, before slaves hit the market as a hot trade item, war captives and lawbreakers had been used as slaves in many countries around the world for all time. But the act of the slave market began in Africa. Before the Europeans arrived in Africa, the slave market was much more relaxed. In a way it was just a small community business. There were Arab flash markets, and the Africans themselves, had been trading slaves for centuries before the Europeans arrived around the 1450s. Their strategy was to charge higher prices for the slaves that could not easily escape back to their homelands or be easily rescued by their kin. Along with that tactic, the slave brokers also purposely separated family members and slaves from the same villages. The African slave trade before the Europeans inhibited the expression of regional African cultures and tribal identities. When the Portuguese arrived they saw the potential value of the slave trade and quickly adopted the Arab and African policies and practices of the trade. They also added their own systematic traffic in slaves that were sent to work the sugar plantations that Portugal and eventually Spain established on the West African coast. The Portuguese need and desire for slaves completely topped the previous slave trade. And instead of the local African tribal slave system, slave trading became a huge business. Millions of Africans were taken from their homes and villages to be shipped around the world, but mainly the Americas and Europe. The new work force on the American plantations shaped the future for the Americans. Overall, when the Europeans arrived in Africa the slave trade was quickly turned around and shaped into a super successful and booming business that was one of the Europeans best money making projects.

Dust Tracks on a Road: An Autobiography by Zora Neale Hurston Essay

Dust Tracks on a Road: An Autobiography by Zora Neale Hurston Between Cape jasmine bushes and chinaberry trees, Zora Neale Hurston’s childhood, was a warm sweet memory illustrated in an extract of Dust Tracks on a Road: An Autobiography. In this excerpt, diction and point of view jump from the page to give the reader a lucid and realistic view of life â€Å"down there† in the farm, sheltered from society to protect the plentiful love, food and company of the Hurston home, compared to â€Å"way up north† where â€Å"rare† apples are abundant and gardenias are sold for a dollar, but where reality is a universal cry for equality and justice. Hurston’s juxtaposition of these two environments compliments her parents’ idealistic differences when it comes to raising their children. Metaphorical language, separation, position and repetition of words; flowers, fruit and struggle imagery create an atmosphere of home-like neighborhood versus the world outside the chinaberry trees. At the beginning of this piece, we are quickly introduced to the different lifestyles between the farm she lived in and the one she encountered when she left to New York. Easily distinguished is the contrast made by the use of the word â€Å"folks† when she mentions her relatives from â€Å"down under† but calls the New Yorkers â€Å"people.† The North is seen as a literature archetype as an unknown lucrative place, a strange place where â€Å"the flowers cost a dollar each.† This is positioned as a welcome mat to a world of differences betwe...

CASE STUDY: CISCO SYSTEM INC. Essay

Cisco Systems, Inc. is a leading supplier of communications and computer networking products, systems, and services. It was founded in 1984 by Len Bosack and Sandy Lerner. The company’s product line includes routers, switches, remote access devices, protocol translators, Internet services devices, and networking and network management software. Cisco serves three main market segments: large organizations, including corporations, government entities, utilities, and educational institutions; service providers, including Internet service providers, telephone and cable companies, and providers of wireless communications; and small and medium-sized businesses whose needs include operating networks, connecting to the Internet, and connecting with business partners. Increasingly, Cisco’s products are appearing in the consumer marketplace. Cisco operates globally, deriving roughly 44 percent of its sales from overseas business. ï  ¬Challenges and Risks Faced in NPI 1.Time-to-Market Pressure Cisco had to launch the new product extremely quickly There is only one year for Cisco to launch the Viking product to market with low cost. Otherwise, the market share might loss. However, it is about 3 to 5 years for Cisco to launch a high-end product. To meet such tighten schedule, it is imperative for Cisco team to perform a very collaborative operation and concurrent engineering in whole supply chain and NPI phase 2.Cost Pressure Bandwidth prices were constantly falling and customer expected continuous improvements in price-performance on their equipment. The competitor keeps intensive discount on price. Cisco had to implement most cost effective-supply chain at launch and product design. 3.Immense Technical Complexity The product router contained about 300,000 components, about 30 times more than in a small business router. How to successfully launch such a high complexity product in a low cost contract manufacturer like Foxconn requires Cisco monitor and cooperate with CM carefully. 4.Outsourcing Production of Complex Machines In order to put all the pieces together with the highest quality, reliability and on-time performance required in the demanding service provider market. Cisco faced the challenges inherent to outsourcing production of such a complex machine, and therefore Cisco would have to work closely with the contractor to reduce production and supply chain risks. 5.Continuous Cost Down Pressure from Emerging Market Cisco needed to ensure that router would be attractive to service providers worldwide. Emerging markets were the fastest-growing part of Cisco’s business, which needed lower cost, so keeping the router’s costs was important to its global success.

The Bembo Typeface

The design of typefaces has undergone various changes through out the history of the printed text and has metamorphosed itself from the design requirements of primitive printing press to modern day digital needs. Typography aims to provide a text that is readable and coherent at the same time ensuring the typeface preserves an aesthetic appeal to the readers. The clarity of the text also needs to be taken into consideration when analyzing the typeface.When understood in an historical perspective the typefaces which were popular in the late fifteenth and early sixteenth centuries were largely Roman and lacked the presence of italicized letters. The lack of italics often hampered the readability of the text. In the Renaissance Italy, Venice emerged as center that catered to the typographical needs of the scholarly society. With the widespread use of printing press and the subsequent proliferation of printed materials, the time was ripe for the redesigning of existing typefaces.Aldus Ma nutius was an accomplished printer in Venice known for printing scholarly articles. The typefaces that were used by him were created by Francesco Griffo. Francesco Griffo was a goldsmith turned typeface cutter who worked on the design of the important typefaces used by Aldus Manutius. The calligraphic characteristics like slants and curves influenced Griffo to a large extent and these influences were assimilated into the typefaces he developed. As a result he created the first italic typeface that incorporated an element of elegance.This typeface when used for printing not only had an aesthetic appeal but also lent itself to a greater clarity of reading, which set it apart from earlier Roman typefaces. Manutius used this new typeface for printing a small piece of work commissioned by Pietro Bembo. The unique characteristics of this typeface made it widely popular and came to be known as the Aldine roman typeface. The Aldine roman typeface is now known as the Bembo typeface. Bembo ty peface emerged as the most modern one developed in the century. Initially Bembo typeface consisted of lower case characters only and upper case characters were borrowed from other typefaces.On gaining widespread popularity, italicized upper case characters in keeping with the characteristics of Bembo were added to the typeface. The design of Bembo typeface is rendered unique due to the following characteristics. The creator of Bembo has ensured minimal variation in the weights between thin and thick strokes. This lends evenness to the text. The oblique stress emphasized in the typeface lends it a classical elegance, while the angled serifs enhance the aesthetics. Stanley Morrison of Monotype corporation launched a program to rediscover the historical typefaces to use it in modern day printing.The Bembo typeface was revived in the 1920s by the Monotype corporation, which made use of the original books and specimen material as a foundation using the original typeface by Francesco Grif fo as a reference. Morrison based the revival largely on the text Hypnerotomachia Poliphili by Francesco Colonna, which was typeset by Griffo. Initially the revived typeface was called â€Å"Poliphilus† but the name Bembo gained more acceptance. Keeping with their tradition of preserving classical typefaces, Monotype introduced a digitalized version of Bembo typeface in the 1980s by leveraging its original metal revival of the 1920s.To cater to the demands of modern digital printing needs, semi bold and extra bold weights were incorporated into Bembo. The distinguishing characteristics of the Bembo typeface lend a consistency to the text irrespective of the color and texture used for printing. The legibility and classical look of this typeface makes it highly suitable for books. Bembo has maintained its appeal through the generation as compared to other historical typefaces such as Gutenberg typeface, which are no longer in use. It has also heavily influenced Garamond family of typefaces, which are now known as ‘Old Style’.To summarize the classical typeface has undergone 500 years of change and constantly adapted itself to the changing dynamics in the printing industry without losing its inherent design characteristics. References Christensen, Thomas. (n. d. ) The typehead chronicles. Retrieved March 11, 2009 from http://www. rightreading. com/typehead/bembo. htm Meggs, Philip B. , & Carter, Rob. (1993). Typographic Specimens. USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Bembo Typeface [Online Image]. (n. d. ). Retrieved March 11, 2009 from http://www. rightreading. com/typehead/bembo. htm.

Twice Gone Twice Returned essays

Twice Gone Twice Returned essays An Analytical Essay on "The Horse Whisperer" Twice gone to hell and twice returned (449) is the phrase Nicholas Evans uses to describe Graces emotional journey in the final chapter of The Horse Whisperer. In fact, Graces development is an important theme throughout the novel. Pivotal to Graces development were the two times she went to hell after which a critical change can be seen in the girls outlook on life and her relationship with her mother. By breaking up the novel into three smaller sections it is easier to see this progression. Prior to Graces accident she is indifferent towards her relationship with her mother. After Graces accident she begins to confront this relationship and to some extent rebuilds it. Later, this relationship is nearly destroyed, but when Grace once again revisits the horror of death, she finally is able to break through and reaches a peace with her mother. Not much is known of Graces relationship with her mother near the beginning of the novel, however, a brief background related by Annie does give some insight into the relationship. Annie recalls a conversation between her and Grace in which they are discussing a mother daughter photo shoot: Why dont we ever do this? Grace said, not looking up. Annie answered, rather too tartly, that she thought it was immoral, like product placement. And Grace had nodded thoughtfully, still not looking at her. Uh-huh, she said, matter-of-fact, flipping on to something else. I guess people think youre younger if you make out you havent got kids. This comment and the fact that it had been uttered without a trace of malice had given Annie such a shock that for several weeks she thought of little else then her relationship with Grace, or as she now saw it, her lack of one (39). Its stated twice that Grace is not lo...

Dont Amend- The Gay Marriage Amendment Debate essays

Don't Amend- The Gay Marriage Amendment Debate essays It is a crisp cool October morning. Two hikers are enjoying a quiet walk through the frost tipped fields of Laramie, Wyoming when they are startled by whimpers begging for help. They find a young man tied up to a wood fence, ready for crucifixion. He has been burned, bloodied, beaten, and broken. The University of Wyoming student died three days later due to injuries sustained from repeated pistol whippings. His name is Matthew Sheppard. Matthew was gay. His murderers intended to kill him because he was gay. Matthew had never hit on them, and had not been involved with any of them romantically. In fact, the murderers had tried to lure Matthew from a bar the night before, but were unsuccessful. Intent is clearly shown. This subject is about more than hurt feelings. It is about discrimination, prejudice, hate, and intolerance of sexual orientation that has brought physical harm and death to many gay, lesbian, bisexual, and trans-gendered people. Our government is taking steps to split our country into a segregated society- straight versus gay, taking us back to the days of Jim Crowe and separate but equal standards. After the United States Supreme Court struck down anti-sodomy laws in Lawrence v. Texas, and the Massachusetts State Supreme Court followed suit in Goodridge et al. v. The Department of Public Health, the concerned right is pushing for a Constitutional Amendment banning gay marriage. As society is progressively stepping forward in civil rights, why is our government trying to dictate who can obtain their constitutionally granted pursuit of happiness? Republicans need the religious right desperately. This election cycle the Republicans are pulling no stops in a desperate effort to keep their office. There are hundreds of religious groups that funnel millions of dollars into campaigns they think will better their cause. Mr. Bush, being of only a few Presidents...

Bavarian Dialect

Bavarian Dialect Who hasnt  heard of Bavaria? It is such a popular travel destination, offering everything from the fairy tale Neuschwannstein castle to the not-to-miss yearly Oktoberfest. As a tourist, Bavaria is fairly easy to explore and travel in, but as a German learner, not so if you want to really immerse in their culture. The barrier for any German learner or even Germans from other parts of Germany is  das baierische  Dialekt. True, Bavarians do speak Hochdeutsch as well since  it is taught in schools, but as the bavarian dialect  Ã‚  is the daily language  of choice among Bavarians,  you need to know some Bavarian in order to get by. But of course to complicate things further for the German language learner,  there are several bavarian dialects!  There are three main ones: northern bavarian (mainly spoken in upper Palatinate), central bavarian (spoken mostly along the main rivers  Isar  and  Danube, and  in upper Bavaria  including  Munich) and southern bavarian (mostly in Tyrol region). The Baierisch  that you hear on the bavarian tv channel is mostly the central bavarian dialect coming from Munich. There is hardly any bavarian literature out there.  Bavarian is considered to be a spoken language rather than a written one,  even though the bible was translated into Bavarian as well.   So how different is Bavarian from standard German? See if you can understand the following Bavarian tongue twister: Oa Zwetschgn im Batz dadatscht und oa im Batz dadatschte Zwetschgn gaabatn zwoa batzige dadatschte Zwetschgn und an batzign Zwetschgndatschi! Exactly! Now for something easier. Heres a silly  Bavarian poem: Da Jackl und sei Fackl Da Jackl, der Lackl,backts Fackl am Krogn,duads Fackl in a Sackl,mechts mim Hackl daschlogn. Aba as Fackl, so a Prackl,is koa Dackl im Frack,beißt an Jackl, den Lackl,durchs Sackl ins Gnack!                                                                           -  Barbara Lexa Better, nicht wahr? In standard German, the  poem would read as follows: Jakob, dieser Flegel,packt das Ferkel am Kragen,steckt das Ferkel in ein Sckchen,mà ¶chte es mit der Axt erschlagen. Aber das Ferkel, so ein Ungetà ¼m,ist kein Dachshund mit Frack,beißt den Jakob, diesen Flegel,durch’s Sckchen hindurch ins Genick.   And finally heres the English translation: Jakob, dieser Flegel,packt das Ferkel am Kragen,steckt das Ferkel in ein Sckchen,mà ¶chte es mit der Axt erschlagen. Aber das Ferkel, so ein Ungetà ¼m,ist kein Dachshund mit Frack,beißt den Jakob, diesen Flegel,durch’s Sckchen hindurch ins Genick. Hopefully, I havent discouraged you from visiting the Bavarian state, but please do not go there without learning   at least some common Bavarian phrases and words. Bavarians will be flattered that you have made the effort to learn a bit  of their language and you wont feel completely lost either when somebody addresses you   or uses some of the following phrases: To greet someone: Gruss GottWhen leaving: Pfiat eich! Until next time!Also very popular: Servus   This word can be used informally   either as hi or as goodbye with somebody with whom you are on familiar terms with. Sapperlot  »It is used to express surprise or enthusiasm in the same sort of way as more modern terms such as Alle Achtung! and Respekt! but it is also used in the same way as swear words to express frustration or outrage. These are just a few words and phrases. For more  Bavarian vocabulary and expressions, read here. There is one final point  about the bavarian dialect that I want that will gladden the heart of any German language learner:  The bavarian grammar is a little simpler from the standard German one:  Ã‚  only articles are declined,  PLUS, the simple past is hardly ever used! Thats one more reason to learn some Bavarian. Now go and visit Bavaria! Pfiat eich!

Homeless People Should Get Shoulder by Government Essay

Homeless People Should Get Shoulder by Government - Essay Example The struggles of the homeless people are so much that their plight can no longer be ignored by the government. Since nobody desires to live such kind of life, but instead is forced by circumstances such as poverty or unemployment, it is important for the government to realize that it is its responsibility to take care of the less fortunate. Every human being deserves to lead a somehow dignified life. It is simply inhuman to watch someone sleeping in an open ground or on rags somewhere along a major street. Also, it is inhuman to allow an innocent child to continually roam in the streets with nowhere to go when the night falls. These events are enough to cause any person with some sense of humanity to consider helping these people. But since the structures of offering assistance are best carried out by the government, it is important for the people in leadership position to come up with mean of helping the innocent the homeless people (Ontario Municipal Social Services Association). It is important for the government to help homeless children so as to prevent them from engaging in acts of crime. It is basic knowledge that most people who engage in criminal activities either lack knowledge that what they are doing is wrong, or are driven by circumstances to engage in such activities. Statistics carried out concerning criminals activities in America reveal that most of the criminals trace their roots to living a care-free life in the streets of America. Also, further research indicates that these criminals are drug addicts.

Project Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 16

Project Management - Essay Example For a novice project manager, the software can help create simple schedules with a work break structure where tasks are assigned start and end dates in a timeline. For the advanced user, detailed cost and resource allocations can be performed, with the facility of creating baselines to track project progress. Creating tasks, their dependencies, and assigning a timeline is a straightforward process in the friendly user interface. The software has a tabular interface where this information can be entered and a Gantt chart is automatically built in a split window on the same screen. Critical path can be determined by simply selecting options from the menu. MS Project has an intuitive interface but perhaps it is because of the complexity of representing project management in a software, and the number of options and features available, that sometimes make its usage a bit difficult. The difficulty level, of course, is reduced with practice and also with gaining more insight into project management concepts. MS Project has a strong project monitoring capability and the project manager can set up multiple baselines against which the project can be tracked through its life. Estimated costs, resources, and time usage can all be entered in the project file and checked against the actual data for any deviations. A large number of pre-formatted reports can be produced from the software. A useful facility is the ability to create custom reports to suit specific requirements. The software also has features to offer an integrated environment to the user by allowing linking of external files which can be opened from inside the project file by a simple click. This provides a useful function where external information related to specific tasks can be easily accessed without having to exit the program and search for files on the

Human Values in Management Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Human Values in Management - Research Paper Example The question, however, that is always being asked is to how can human values be defined in context of organizations. Is this a measurable entity or can be weighed in terms of general cognition or perceivable notion. Some scholars say that human value cannot be defined; some suggest it can only be cognitively grasped, or felt instinctively, and shared as an experience. Modern scholars consider conceptualizing human values is a difficult task on account of intertwining of several ideas and thought strands encompassing the term. If classical literature is to be reviewed, then not much of a difference is found between human values. When values are looked into, the search leads to several facets of human existence. But, of late, and in context of organizations, theory of values is being considered for separate study, mainly hailing in the philosophical domain, and widely known as axiology. It is, in fact, the recognition of the importance of human values that has triggered off a wave of d iscussions on organizational ethics which, unfortunately, is often done in isolation and not in conjunction with human values in the same organization. It is normally said that organizational ethics starts getting degraded where human values begin to end. Studies that are normally considered as intellectual or idealistic exercises on human values can be found to have a distinctive and purposive acceptance in areas like management, where it is used in team building, leadership programs and human resource departments. It has always intrigued management studies whether or not human values can be "imparted" to modern managers. Whether it is possible to impart human values as knowledge to these managers? If so, how feasible would that be and what is being done in this direction within and outside of organizations throughout the world. During the last two decades workshops pertaining to this sort of training for managers have become fairly popular among management circles because they are seen as an impetus-giving activity to boost individual, group and organizational performances. Pertinently, the best part of these programs and workshops is that they tend to lap up the content and presentation from the cultural background of the country in which they are held. Each nation has its given traditional set of values that have been passed on from generation to generation and are based on 'ethos' governing the territory. More often than not these values are wed to the human psyche and human values when imparted to the modern managers actually aim at distilling the mind, purging it of negativity and instilling it with purity of thought, word, deed, and action. It is like taking the science of management towards the divinity of an art by nourishing compassion, humbleness and friendliness; and by giving up arrogance, jealousy, and greed. Sticking to the human values always refers to sticking to positive attributes and managements realize that such practices can have positiv e repercussions on businesses through enhanced creativity, selflessness, and enhanced cooperation, better output of work and creation of a general platform that is full of ethico-moral soundness (Chakraborty, 1991). When human values are discussed in organizational context the thrust is primarily on two different types of values. One is at the inter-personal level and another at intra-personal level. Both are related to each other,

Legislative and Executive Branches Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Legislative and Executive Branches - Assignment Example â€Å"the executive action that would offer real legal status to the immediate family of US citizens and permanent residents.†2 The senator has argued that the Senate Republicans should focus on revoking the 2014 order and allow the 2012 plan to remain intact. On the other hand, the Presidency has drawn a red line on the two executive actions by warning that the President will veto any legislation sent to him that seeks to topple the orders. The tussle over the executive order is taking place on a legislation to finance the Department of Homeland Security whose funding ends on February 27.3 I think President Obama needs to consult the Republicans on the issue of the executive actions. The issue of immigrants affects every American and it is a matter of national importance. Both the Republicans and the Democrats need to sit on a negotiation table and make a way forward on how to tackle the issue of immigrants. There are very many illegal immigrants in America who found themselves in the country because of their parents’ choice and circumstances. The negotiators must balance the rights of the migrants and the interest of the

Biology Research Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Biology Research - Essay Example Basal like tumors are most commonly found in Nigeria and Senegal. Research is on to find drugs to block the specific molecules that these tumors need to grow. Women with mutations in a gene called Brca1 tend to develop this kind of aggressive breast tumor. Patterns of genetic activity of these tumors are measured through special tests because what the biological tests reveal turn out to be quite different from what the human eyes perceive. Researchers used new techniques of molecular biology to determine the patterns of gene activity in the cancer cells and then to classify and sort the subtypes by race. Further research is on to find an alternative to chemotherapy. Women of race are advised to get counseling in preventive care well before 40 especially if it runs in their family. As the incidence of breast cancer and mortality due to breast cancer keeps increasing in the USA, researchers and oncologists have been intrigued trying to find the root cause of breast cancer. While various physiological reasons have been associated, recent findings suggest that environmental factors react with genetic and individual predisposing factors and cause malignant tumors to develop in breast tissue. A paper Breast cancer and environmental risks: where is the link? by Mitra et al., (2004) was published in Journal of Environmental Health. To asses the environmental agents, the authors have reviewed previous studies focusing on xenoestrogens, organochlorines, polychlorinated biphenyls, and other environmental agents. Results revealed that exogenous estrogens present in the environment increase the growth of breast cancer cells while hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and oral contraceptives also play a significant role in the development of breast cancer during adolescence. X enoestrogens may increase the risk of cancer among those who are

Legislative and Executive Branches Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Legislative and Executive Branches - Assignment Example â€Å"the executive action that would offer real legal status to the immediate family of US citizens and permanent residents.†2 The senator has argued that the Senate Republicans should focus on revoking the 2014 order and allow the 2012 plan to remain intact. On the other hand, the Presidency has drawn a red line on the two executive actions by warning that the President will veto any legislation sent to him that seeks to topple the orders. The tussle over the executive order is taking place on a legislation to finance the Department of Homeland Security whose funding ends on February 27.3 I think President Obama needs to consult the Republicans on the issue of the executive actions. The issue of immigrants affects every American and it is a matter of national importance. Both the Republicans and the Democrats need to sit on a negotiation table and make a way forward on how to tackle the issue of immigrants. There are very many illegal immigrants in America who found themselves in the country because of their parents’ choice and circumstances. The negotiators must balance the rights of the migrants and the interest of the

The leadership experience Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The leadership experience - Essay Example When you wield your power over people without establishing the necessary relations then you cannot assert influence necessary to propel one to a higher office. Many leaders, for instance, Paul Wolfowitz of the World Bank fail because of their ambitions and how they wield their power. Women with their relationship oriented approach to leadership put them in a position where they can cultivate the necessary relationships. The relationships allow them to listen and appeal to their emotions and eventually get what they want even a top job. Furthermore, since women are more likely to achieve their goals as well as organizational goals they are hence trusted with influential positions. If a male leader changes his behavior to incorporate elements of relationship-oriented leadership techniques more common to the female leader, he will still be an authentic leader. The elements of relationship-oriented leadership will only strengthen an authentic leader and not water it down. Through the approach, they will be able to understand the needs of the workforce and appeal to them and hence ensure that the company achieves its goal. The leader would also still be authentic since although he would want to involve everyone the final decision will still be with him and can still leave a legacy. Furthermore, through the approach, the leader can easily assert his power since he knows his workforce quite well. It is the manager's responsibility to help their employees find pleasure, engagement, and meaning in their work to make them happy.

Leading Strategic Program Management Essay Example for Free

Leading Strategic Program Management Essay Some people might say a good leaders is born that way. It is true that some individuals have a natural instinct to lead people, but they also have tools to help them in their success. In watching the movie Twelve O’clock High we see different types of leadership. Why is Colonel Keith Davenport’s leadership ineffective in comparison to General Frank Savage’s leadership? With all the men of the 918th Bomb Group loyal to Colonel Davenport, what steps does Gen Savage take to not only win their loyalty but make them an effective team? While working on a project is a lot different than fighting a war, we see how good leadership techniques, trust, good communication, developing leaders, and instilling a sense of pride can turn around the poorest of teams. If you have an ineffective leader, chances are the team will be ineffective. There were many deficiencies in Colonel Davenport’s leadership style. Colonel Davenport was more focused on each individual in his group than he was on the mission at hand. He had the loyalty of his men but failed to lead them. When one of his men failed to accomplish their mission or messed up, Colonel Davenport assumed responsibility and failed to discipline them. When Colonel Davenport received orders to push his men to the maximum potential, he wouldn’t, for fear of burning them out. While Colonel Davenport could not see his deficiencies in his leadership, it could be seen by the commanding General of the VIII Bomber Command, Eighth Air Force. General Pritchard brought Brigadier General Frank Savage in to see if he could fix not only the leadership problem but the productivity of the men in the 918th Bomb Group. When Brigadier Frank Savage arrived at the 918th Bomb Group he went right to work. One of the first items on his agenda was restoring the military standards that had become very laidback. We see this in a couple of scenes. He reprimands the gate guard for not checking his identification card upon entering the base. When he walks into his new office he catches Sergeant Mclllheny typing without his uniform top on. Brigadier General Savage immediately reduces him in rank and tells him why. Word soon travels around the base that they must adhere to the military standards and rules. Once Brigadier General Savage has made it clear that he will restore accountability and standards he calls a meeting to set his expectations clear. In this meeting Brigadier General Savage lets everyone know that they have a job to do and they need to stop feeling sorry for themselves. He tells everyone that from this point on they will be held accountable for their mistakes. Brigadier General Savage then informs everyone that since they are performing poorly, they will practice over and over again until they get it right. This infuriates the pilots and they immediately put in for a transfer. Once Brigadier General Savage has made his expectations clear, he begins gathering support from others. Major Stovall is the group Adjutant who works directly for Brigadier General Savage. Brigadier General Savage begins asking Major Stovall’s opinions on individuals in the unit. He takes the advice given to him by Major Stovall. Major Stovall begins to see that Brigadier General Savage is a great leader and he has a plan to get the 918th Bomb Group back on track. Major Stovall becomes a loyal hard working member of the 918th Bomb Group. He can see that Brigadier General Savage is committed to his job. A trust is built between the two men. â€Å"Trust is at the core of all meaningful relationships. Without trust there can be no giving, no bonding, no risk-taking† (Berkun, 2008, p. 242). He then begins to talk to the other men and gather support and trust for Brigadier General Savage. The next item on Brigadier General Savage’s agenda is to develop leaders in the 918th Bomb Group. When Brigadier General Savage is reviewing everyone’s personnel records he  notices that the second in charge is underperforming. Lt Colonel Ben Gately is immediately fired from his position and place in charge of a plane full of underachievers. He informs Lt Colonel Gately that he will receive every lazy nonperforming person who comes into the 918th Bomb Group. If Lt Colonel Gately wants to survive he needs to step up to the plate and become a good leader. The plane that Lt Colonel Gately is in charge of is called the Leper Colony. By doing this, Brigadier General Savage is giving Lt Colonel Gately a way to prove his leadership. This method of leadership works very well on Lt Colonel Gately, because he begins to perform exceptionally well. Lt Colonel Gately even flies with an injured spine. Brigadier General Savage can see the 918th Bomb Group is turning around into an effective unit. He then sets out to develop a sense of pride in the group. Savage praises them for their performance and what they have achieved as a group. He begins promoting excellence in everything they do. On days where there is no mission they practice to get it perfect. Individuals who show outstanding performance in the Leper Colony get promoted out and those who make mistakes move to the Leper Colony. Results from all their hard team work began to pay off. When the 918th Bomb Group goes on a dangerous mission they return with everyone. The whole unit is put in for a commendation. While Savage has turned the unit around he still has trouble communicating to his people. Communication is a major part of being an effective leader. While Savage has begun communicating very well with Major Stovall, he still had trouble communicating with his pilots and ground crew. Only when he finally sits down and communicates with a young pilot named Bishop, do the other pilots removed their request to be transferred to another unit. Savage was trying to keep his distance from his pilots. He felt that not becoming emotionally involved with his pilots would help create a barrier. Savage cared about every single person in his unit, but he kept his emotions inside which was the cause of his breakdown. Looking at a project manager or leader of a company, it is easy to see why you would want someone like Brigadier General Savage in charge. He arrived  at the 918th Bomb Group with a clear and direct sense of responsibility. He knew what he had to do and he knew it was not going to be a popularity contest. While Brigadier General Savage had trouble communicating to everyone, he understood his people, their motivations, and the emotions they were feeling. It is important when you are in charge of a project to know the people you will be working with. There needs to be trust between you and your employees. As the project manager when you say you will do something, you must ensure you follow through. Brigadier General Savage demanded that the members of the 918th Bomb Group give him loyalty, respect, integrity, and selfless service. He in turn not only gave the same right back, he gave them leadership, direction, and a sense of self-worth. By the time Brigadier General Savage left the 918th Bomb Group, they were able to continue their mission under any good leader who took over. As a leader, you have to take responsibility for the decisions you make. You must inspire your people and establish teamwork. Sometimes being a leader is not an easy job, but with the right set of tools you can be an effective leader. â€Å"Where there is no guidance the people fall, but in the abundance of counselors there is a victory† (Proverbs 11: 14). Reference Berkun, S. (2008). Making Things Happen. Sebastopol, CA: OReilly Media, Inc. New International Version. (1970). Thomas Nelson Inc.

Food production methods in large functions

Food production methods in large functions Introduction The terms of food and beverage services gone from home forms a considerable element of the performance of the hotel and catering industry and like the industry of which it is a fraction , the food and beverage function is characterised both by its variety and its size. Outlets contain private and public division establishments and them choice from small privately-owned apprehension to large international organisations and from top-security reformatory catering to catering in the most luxurious hotels. In this assignment I will try to find out the characteristics of food production and food and beverage service systems and food production and food and beverage service systems. Task 01 Discuss the characteristics of food production and food and beverage service systems. Characteristics of the food and beverage sector A vital part of everyday life Major contributor to the national economy Generates employment Promotes diversity through many different food concepts cuisines An chance to enjoy the company of friends, family and colleagues Fulfils basic needs Food is a basic need for everyday life Food Production Methods Food production may be definite as that phase of the food flow mainly apprehensive with the dispensation of raw; semi prepared, or prepared foodstuffs. The resulting product may be in a ready to provide state, for example in the conventional method (cook serve); or it may experience some form of protection, for example cook-chill or cook-freeze, before being served to the consumer. Production systems Traditional Centralised Sous-vide Cook-chill Cook-freeze batch cooking call-order Traditional method In the conservative parties method, the majority of food is purchased raw, very little falling into what we now call the ‘’convenience foods’’ category. Facilities are presented for the receipt and storage of goods, the preparation, cooking, holding and service of food. The traditional method is used in most kitchen concern. Cook-Freeze method The expression cook-freeze refers to a catering system based on the full cooking of food pursued by fast freezing, with storage at a controlled low temperature of -18C or under. The method is related to cook-chill apart from refrigeration temperatures. Blast Freezing To decrease the time spent in danger zone, a specially considered Blast Chilling or Freezer is required measure refrigeration equipment just is not competent of removing heat fast sufficient. Blast Chilling The temperature must be concentrated from +70C to +3C or below within 90 minutes. Blast Thawing To de-ice food, the air approximately needs to be relatively heater than the food itself so that heat can be transferred from air to food to dissolve the ice. Hazard zone is between +8 C and +68C, where microorganisms multiply fastest, for as little time as achievable. The germs split into two each 20 minutes. Sous –vide method Sous-vide are more fresh food processing technique residential in the late 1970s. The sous-vide methods of food construction (vacuum cooking at exact temperature 138 degrees and time). Centralised distribution This method is frequently adopted by huge chains that are looking to subcontract all or measurement of their food production. Cook-Chill method This method is a catering coordination based on normal preparation and cooking of food pursued by rapid chilling and storage space. The Chilled food necessitates low capital outlay and minimum workforce. Service Systems Table/Plate service Counter/Buffet service A la carte Table d’hà ´tel Silver service Family service Flambà © service Specialist food service Table/ Service Food is organized, placed on individual tableware and delivered to the consumers. This method is used in the hotel and self-determining restaurants. Buffet service Food is prepared in move forwards. Big quantities of food then placed in containers and served from a table in the restaurant. Used in consultation and banqueting. Family/ English service Food is prepared and placed in dishes. Server then transportations to restaurant, it is placed in the centre of tables. Chinese and Middle Eastern Cultures. Silver/Russian service Food is prepared/ cooked, placed on hot silver containers. some fine dining, consultation and banqueting. A la carte Hotel or restaurant meal consisting of several differently priced dishes which are cooked frequently when ordered from a menu. A guest orders independently and pays for them separately. Table d’hà ´tel Is generally a restaurant meal consisting of a predetermined number of already prepared dishes, at a fixed price for a complete meal for one person. Flambà © service/Gueridon Food is prepared but not cooked. Attendant puts food on a convenient trolley and transfer into front of house neighbourhood. The food is prepared in front of the guests. Specialist food service A food overhaul specialist may arrange a selection of meals. Most employers require their food service specialist to have at slightest a high school diploma. Acquaintance of specialist food service should consist of: basic food handling, nutrition, sanitation measures. Discuss factors affecting recipes and menus for specific systems. Factors affecting recipes and menus for specific systems Size of operation Objectives of the operation Quality of the operation Nature of the menu Quality of customers Budget of the customers Customer needs Availability of resources The others factors affecting menu and recipes for specific system Size of the kitchen, consumer’s contentment, and price of items programmed, management decisions costs, availability of items, type of service, customer’s value, and demographic features, food habits and predilections, flavour and appearance of dishes, nutritional importance. Menu can be an outstanding selling tool to supplement the indicative selling of staff. Customer perceptions: keeping your consumers happy can be harder than you suppose. Happy customers result in: (repeat sales, positive company image, and high quality customer’s referrals) Space and equipment in the kitchen will manipulate the composition of the menu; Every establishment has a intention food cost to be achieved, the cost, preparation and production of the food items, have to well the target. Business stand up for profit; it is difficult for menu fashionable to make a customer and business friendly menu, to cover all costs. Accessibility of ingredients in seasonality and suppliers require be taken into reflection. Colour balance is essential; customers should be able to ‘eat with their eyes’. Ethnicity and nutritional value: Nutritional balance is important to make certain that the dishes are produced as nutritiously as potential (protein, carbohydrates, and vitamins). Menu is made for customer contentment, but if the items do not costume customer’s ethnicity and nutritional importance then it is a big difficulty. As we have only 60 guests, a medium kitchen is enough, the constituents we use in our menu are straightforward to find, and two or three waitress will be enough. Buffet/Counter service has the next advantages: can be provide a large number of people, customer have choice, customers are part of the development, fewer staff required, service staff require less skills, fewer objections due to their decision-making; Disadvantages: Queuing, food presentation can be pretentious; food can run out, food excellence affected due to temperature and mixing service crockery. Plate service has the next advantages: presentation, placed on individual plates, quality, portion control. Disadvantages of Plate service are: Require high quality and highly skilled chefs; consumers sometimes have to remain for food delivery. Conclusion Modern day food and beverage processes are progressing to get better in the quality, and the service. Professionalism is increasing, through improved training and development. The quality of service is becoming the generally important differentiating factor when consumers are choosing between different establishments. In this assignment I wrote about characteristics of food production and food and beverage service systems and affecting recipes and menus for specific systems.

lighthod Light and Dark in Conrads Heart of Darkness Essay -- Heart

Light and Dark in Conrad's Heart of Darkness In Joseph Conrad's Heart of Darkness, the author adverts to the idea that the "entrapment of light by darkness [that] is continually suggested" (Bloom 46) is comparative to Marlow's personality and perspective of his expedition down the Congo River. Light symbolizes any object or concept that is positive while darkness represents anything that elicits malice. The way in which Conrad approaches the novel by using darkness constantly prevail over light shows a continual theme of foreboding and gloom. Everything that shows vibrancy is illuminated through Conrad's words. These symbolisms and representations have a undeviating effect on the personality and perspective of the protagonist, Marlow. Conrad's use of a frame tale is exceedingly important when the character that is sharing his recollections has an altered perception. One may scrutinize the perspective of the African landscape as a natural wonder and not a foreboding nightmare as Marlow illustrates. The altered percep tion of Marlow, as using darkness as a victor of light, exhibits that Conrad utilizes the frame tale as a scapegoat for his personal perspective. The accounts of the narrative are the actual happenings of Conrad's individual journey up the Congo River. The reader, through Marlow's speech, can visualize any given atmosphere described in the book. Unfortunately, there are not any existing neutral settings throughout the book. The landscapes are either overcome by darkness or light. The effect of this darkness or light has a direct corollary to the reader. Immediately the reader recognizes a contrast between the peaceful European setting and the disarray of t... ...a dream"(24.). Marlow suddenly becomes aware of his immediate listeners and speaks directly to them as individuals. These listeners are, in essence, the reader. Conrad realizes that at certain junctures in his story the reader may lose interest. As a repercussion, Conrad institutes particular statements that maintain the intellectual involvement of the reader. Once again when Marlow detects disinterest and fiercely responds to someone sighing he questions the integrity of the listener. He automatically assumes that the listener sighs because of the absurdity of what is being stated: "Why do you sigh in this beastly way, somebody?"(43.). As Marlow continues, the intermittent utterances regarding the reader's involvement play a pivotal role in developing the contrast between darkness and light as Marlow nears the actual "heart of darkness." lighthod Light and Dark in Conrad's Heart of Darkness Essay -- Heart Light and Dark in Conrad's Heart of Darkness In Joseph Conrad's Heart of Darkness, the author adverts to the idea that the "entrapment of light by darkness [that] is continually suggested" (Bloom 46) is comparative to Marlow's personality and perspective of his expedition down the Congo River. Light symbolizes any object or concept that is positive while darkness represents anything that elicits malice. The way in which Conrad approaches the novel by using darkness constantly prevail over light shows a continual theme of foreboding and gloom. Everything that shows vibrancy is illuminated through Conrad's words. These symbolisms and representations have a undeviating effect on the personality and perspective of the protagonist, Marlow. Conrad's use of a frame tale is exceedingly important when the character that is sharing his recollections has an altered perception. One may scrutinize the perspective of the African landscape as a natural wonder and not a foreboding nightmare as Marlow illustrates. The altered percep tion of Marlow, as using darkness as a victor of light, exhibits that Conrad utilizes the frame tale as a scapegoat for his personal perspective. The accounts of the narrative are the actual happenings of Conrad's individual journey up the Congo River. The reader, through Marlow's speech, can visualize any given atmosphere described in the book. Unfortunately, there are not any existing neutral settings throughout the book. The landscapes are either overcome by darkness or light. The effect of this darkness or light has a direct corollary to the reader. Immediately the reader recognizes a contrast between the peaceful European setting and the disarray of t... ...a dream"(24.). Marlow suddenly becomes aware of his immediate listeners and speaks directly to them as individuals. These listeners are, in essence, the reader. Conrad realizes that at certain junctures in his story the reader may lose interest. As a repercussion, Conrad institutes particular statements that maintain the intellectual involvement of the reader. Once again when Marlow detects disinterest and fiercely responds to someone sighing he questions the integrity of the listener. He automatically assumes that the listener sighs because of the absurdity of what is being stated: "Why do you sigh in this beastly way, somebody?"(43.). As Marlow continues, the intermittent utterances regarding the reader's involvement play a pivotal role in developing the contrast between darkness and light as Marlow nears the actual "heart of darkness."

Angry Men

Although the movie has a well written plot and moral, it is very tedious and uneventful because of its setting, situation, and pace. In a Jury room with twelve men with ranging personalities, eleven men want the Jury to be over as soon as possible so that they can continue on with their lives. The protagonist, Juror 8, sets out to change the presumed idea that the boy Is culpable and forces the careless eleven Jurors to discuss the evidence.All twelve men have their own situation and knowledge that ties in with evidences, and numerous hours have been spent for the helve angry Jurors to finally agree that the boy Is not guilty. The entire film, having a running time of 96 minutes, took over one continuous period of time and in one place, the Jury room, which made It uneventful and dull. The movie was also extremely slow. Even though the twelve characters of the film intensely fought for and against their opinion, the result was predictable.The moral of the film, that the society Is li ke a flock of sheep, Is agreeable to the general public today. The movie says a lot about human nature and character. Each of the twelve Jurors Is forced to make Individual decisions, stating their own rationale and prompt thoughts, Instead of Individuals being dominated by various people In a group. When each juror slowly changes his mind, others followed, one after another.This demonstrates that the society Is Like a flock of sheep, where people are too easily Influenced or led to following others In the flock. In other words, It shows that even the smallest things can affect our decisions (one against many). Also, even If this film might have been popular at the time It was released, (having an overall rate of 9 out of 10, also awarded and nominated for numerous awards) It Is too dated to be popular today. Movie genres such as action and science fiction are becoming favored today, as opposed to classic movies In the past.In my pollen, despite the well written plot and moral, the film was still tedious and uneventful because of Its setting, situation, and pace. The pace of the movie Is very slow, also taking place In one continuous location. Although It Is time consuming, 12 Angry Men rigorously sets out to solve the conflict ND clearly points out whether the boy who killed his father Is guilty or not. The moral of the story, that society Is Like a flock of sheep, expresses how society Is appears. 2 Angry Men By Yemeni out to change the presumed idea that the boy is culpable and forces the careless twelve angry Jurors to finally agree that the boy is not guilty. Of time and in one place, the Jury room, which made it uneventful and dull. The of the film, that the society is like a flock of sheep, is agreeable to the general public The movie says a lot about human nature and character. Each of the twelve Jurors is forced to make individual decisions, stating their own rationale and prompt thoughts, instead of individuals being dominated by various people in a group.When each that the society is like a flock of sheep, where people are too easily influenced or led to following others in the flock. In other words, it shows that even the smallest things can affect our decisions (one against many). Also, even if this film might have been popular at the time it was released, (having an overall rate of 9 out of 10, also warded and nominated for numerous awards) it is too dated to be popular today. Opposed to classic movies in the past.In my opinion, despite the well written plot and moral, the film was still tedious and uneventful because of its setting, situation, and pace. The pace of the movie is very slow, also taking place in one continuous location. Although it is time consuming, 12 Angry Men rigorously sets out to solve the conflict and clearly points out whether the boy who killed his father is guilty or not. The moral of the story, that society is like a flock of sheep, expresses how society is Angry men I believe in the beginning the 2 main Jurors who were basing their decisions on prejudice were mainly Jurors #3 and #10. Juror #3 more based on prejudices of young men, particularly because he had such a horrendous relationship with his own son, I feel like this case really hit him close to home and really affected him In a personal way. I believe he let his feelings got In the way of his logical thinking and was practically projecting the anger he had towards his son towards the young men on trial, who had been accused of a horrible crime against his father.Juror #10 was more prejudice of the young suspects race, making statements like; â€Å"You know how they are,† and â€Å"They're all the same, all born liars†. I guess In a way he could have been using reverse discrimination because he wasn't at all prejudice about the Individual or what the witnesses said during their testimonies. But I really don't believe that Juror #8 was using reverse discrimination but was pos sibly more interested and paid more attention to the small details of the case then the other jurors.He simply brought up other points that some of the other jurors didn't catch ND just couldn't think of until brought up by Juror #8. I don't think it should have been a hung jury because it's not like all of the Jurors made a decision and stuck to it, people were changing their votes, slowly but surely, therefore I don't think it should have been a hung jury. Some of the persuasive pieces of evidence are first and foremost the knife, the witness saying it was a rare knife that was one of a kind, and juror #8 went out and proved that.Another piece of evidence was the blueprint of the other man's apartment, which pretty much proved the older gentlemen would eave been able to go out and check everything he said he did. Juror # 1 aka the foreman was a pretty good leader and kept the Jury organized and as focused as possible when things got a bit too out of hand. Juror #2 was more of a sh y individual who would voice his opinion whenever he needed too. Juror #3 was a bit out spoken and was a very angry and very easily excitable person. Juror #4 was more of a quiet but confident person, and had a very serious demeanor.Juror #5 was a man who said he was from the slums but he spoke when he felt attacked or when he felt something regulatory was said about the young man on trial based on where he was raised. Juror #6 was a very respectful man, who stood up for the elderly man when he felt people were trying to intimidate the older gentlemen. Juror #7 seems Like he TLD really care about the case but more worried about the ball game which he had tickets for. Juror #8 was the one who pretty much stood up against the rest of the Jurors based on his thoughts and beliefs. He stood up for the boy when everyone else thought he was guilty.It took a lot of courage to not only stand up against what everyone else was saying, but also to sway the vote of the Jury In the opposite direc tion. Juror #9 was the older gentleman, who was fairly quiet except for when he really wanted to get his opinion in. Juror #10 was a more racist individual and really didn't like the young man on trial from the get go, saying he was â€Å"one of them† and lust basing his vote on his dislike of â€Å"them†. I don't really recall too much or juror remember that Juror #12 was a marketing agent and he seemed rather distracted from the case.I don't really feel like any of them have my style of communication, and oneself I don't even feel like it would be close to any of them. But since I had to pick one I would more than likely say Juror #8 Just because I feel like I am pretty good and looking at the small details and usually pretty good at persuading people. Answering this question is tough, especially since I literally didn't see any part of the case. If I was on the Jury I would have probably voted along with every other of the Jurors because it seems like to me the defe nse team didn't do a good Job in this case.But I loud have probably been persuaded along with the rest of them as Juror #8 would have pointed out facts that the defense wasn't able to point out. In a case like this I believe having a more than amazing defense team is way more important than if your truly guilty or not. A great defense attorney wouldn't have let any of the Jurors go into the Jury room thinking that boy had committed any type of crime, and if they thought he committed a crime right from the get go, a good defense team would have put a doubt into their mind, and make them rethink those guilty thoughts.

John Sutter and the Western United States Essay

During the mid-1800s, people were eager to explore most of the United States in search for a better place to live in. Those who came from Europe settled in most parts of the Eastern United States. But there are those who ventured further, going deeper into the West. One of them is John Sutter, born in Germany and of Swiss descent. He became a captain of the Swiss Army, and was driven away from his family because of debts, going to the United States to look for a greener pasture. According to Albert Hurtado in his book, John Sutter: a Life on the North American Frontier, John Sutter deserves to have a title of an entrepreneur. All his achievements were the product of his hard work and entrepreneurship (Hurtado). He roamed the United States by using these characteristics to earn enough money to fund his ventures. The Eastern part of the United States at that time were already populated, where trade and commerce is flourishing all over the place. He joined a trading venture to New Mexico, where he was successful enough, returning with wine, several mules and money. When he celebrated the Independence Day of 1839 in Monterey California, he met Governor Juan Bautista Alvarado. This meeting paved the way for a settlement grant of more than 48,000 acres of land for Sutter, the start of the monumental â€Å"New Helvetia Settlement† which pioneered American life in the Western United States. One of the few requirements for John Sutter to be awarded the land grant was to become a citizen of Mexico. This would give him thousands of acres of land where he can establish a pioneering settlement. In less than a year after becoming a Mexican citizen, he was awarded the vast lands in the central valley of California. In order to properly run this vast acreage of agricultural lands, he employed various Native Americans, as well as welcomed immigrants from different places. John Sutter’s Fort became a famous stop-over for those wishing to venture into new lands. With this account from Albert Hurtado’s book, we can see that the Western part of the United States at John Sutter’s time promises new beginnings to those who wish for a different life. The East was somehow been congested with various people migrating from other nearby countries. Because of this, some wanted, and even dared to explore other parts of the â€Å"foreign land† they have settled in. But not all parts of the west are conducive for living. In the account of John Bidwell, he describes most of the west especially California as â€Å"the country was brown and parched; throughout the State wheat, beans, everything had failed†¦cattle were almost starving for grass, and the people, except perhaps a few of the best families, were without bread, and were eating chiefly meat, and that often of a very poor quality† (Bidwell). This means that the west may promise a good life, but there are also risks in living there. It is still an uncharted territory for the migrants, and that they were all going to start from scratch. They have no clear idea on how to handle things at first, especially because they did not originate in the area. However, it is also filled with resources just waiting to be exploited. According to Bidwell, the place also has some good points, â€Å"there were no other settlements in the valley; it was, apparently, still just as new as when Columbus discovered America, and roaming over it were countless thousands of wild horses, of elk, and of antelope† (Bidwell). The Western part of the United States was truly a place of uncertainty, wherein you’ll have to risk everything if you choose to settle in the area. John Sutter was able to survive and was successful in establishing a settlement in the area. In a sense, we could say that Sutter was successful in taming the Wild West. Sutter’s Fort housed a number of people ranging from natives to settlers, even those who were lost in their way, and these people contributed well enough in cultivating the vast lands of the settlement. In a few years time, John Sutter became a major supplier of horses, cattle, and wheat (Doti). The Western United States became a melting pot of different cultures. These cultures blended well with each other despite of their differences. This is essential for the success of the settlement, where everyone has to do their part in order for their efforts to flourish. John Sutter bridged the gap between the settlers, the natives and even the bordering Mexicans. Sutter’s works not only gave rise to a new settlement, but also to a new world found in the West. This is a very important contribution in the history of the nation, as it expanded the country’s influence across the borders. The culture in the Eastern United States at that time was generally influenced by the countries which they came from. Most these are European countries that are why they have developed mixtures of various European cultures. On the other hand, the Western United States is not only a mixture of European cultures, but also accompanied by various customs of the Native Americans and the bordering Mexican culture. This diversity has proven great importance in the formation of the Western United States, because western settlements were the products of various cultures cooperating with each other in so that they would achieve peace and order in their respective communities. Works Cited: Bidwell, John. â€Å"Life in California before the Gold Discovery†. 1890. The Century Magazine. November 19 2007. . Doti, Lynne Pierson. â€Å"John Sutter: A Life on the North American Frontier Book Reviews†. 2006. Chapman University. November 19 2007. . Hurtado, Albert L. John Sutter: A Life on the North American Frontier. 1st edition ed: University of Oklahoma Press, 2006.

Davis V the Board of County Commissioners of Doña Ana County Case Essay

The plaintiff, Davis is suing Dona Ana County. The plaintiff was a patient at Mesilla Valley Hospital (MVH) in their inpatient mental facility, while she was in their care one of the mental health technicians, Joseph Herrera sexually assaulted her. She is suing the County of Dona Ana, because Herrera used to be a detention sergeant for the county, while employed there he was found to have been sexually harassing and abusing female inmates. His superiors Steele and Mochen were aware of his misconducts and were planning on suspending him, however prior to the suspension Herrera resigned. Upon his resignation Herrera asked his superiors for a letter of recommendation, he was given a letter of recommendation stating that he was an exemplary employee, and one that they would hire again. The legal issue in this case is to determine whether or not the county’s letter of recommendation cause third-party harm to the plaintiff, Davis? Did the positive feedback in the letter cause MVH to hire someone who was potentially unsafe to their patients? (Walsh, 2009). Why does the court conclude that Dona Ana County could be held liable for negligent referral (misrepresentation)? In this case the court concluded that Dona Ana County could be held liable for a negligent referral on the basis that each citizen has a basic responsibility to not bring harm to one another, and to make every effort to stop harm from happening to someone. In this case the County did not take the proper steps to ensure public safety. Without overly speculating on all the various scenarios that might or might not have played out had the County provided truthful information, at the end of the day the County not only omitted truth; which is misleading within itself, but they also falsified the information that was provided to Herrera’s future employers taking away their ability to make fully educated decisions about his employment. In this particular case is very similar, to California Supreme Court case regarding Randi W. here an employee was given a glowing letter of recommendation from his former employer at a school even though he was known to have a record of sexual misconduct, was then hired on at another school as vice-principle, he sexually abused a 13 year old. In both these cases the previous employers mislead future employers with the omissions of very important information as well as lying about their actual employment behavior. In both cases innocent third-parties were harmed from this. The court recognized that this referral was negligent, because they failed to stop harm from happening to someone. Krasnow, 2013). Should it have mattered that the former employer’s investigation was not able to confirm all of the allegations against Herrera? Explain your answer. In this case Herrera’s employers were not able to conduct an investigation to the fullest due to the fact that when he was informed that a full investigation was going to be conducted and that he would be suspended, Herrera decided to first resign. Though a full investigation was not conducted the court’s decision to conclude that the County is liable for negligence is still valid. The County had the option of remaining silent, had they remained silent MVH would have conduct their own background investigation more thoroughly, but because the County gave such praise filled recommendation MVH lacked their background check. The County became negligent when they falsified information, regardless of whether Herrera was actually found to have had any sexual misconduct, the fact that there were several allegations and complaints against him would make it so that he did not warrant any sort of letter of recommendation. Due to the investigation not being fully executed it would make more sense that the County refrain from having any sort of opinion on Herrera’s performance rather than fabricating information. (Walsh, 2009). What practical implications does this decision hold? Are you convinced by the court’s claim that this ruling should not make employers more reluctant to provide references? Due to the County being sued for providing referrals, they might be reluctant along with other employers, to provide any sort of referral for future employment, because they may fear that they will be sued regardless of what they do. However, the court claims that employers should not be worried about providing references, because as long as the information that is being provided is true than they are not at fault. Of course it does seem safer to just not provide a referral at all, but you do not want to punish those who have worked very hard at maintaining a good work history and reputation. In this situation the court would not have found fault had the County just not provided a recommendation at all, if they would have just denied Herrera’s request for a letter of recommendation, they would not have been at fault for third-party harm to Davis. However, the fact that the County provided misleading information while withholding information that might have told of harmful behaviors, MVH might not have hired Herrera, and they would have had a chance to better protect their patient, but the County took that ability away from them. (Walsh, 2009).

Euthyphro Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Euthyphro - Essay Example In terms of religion, epistemology, ethics it is of crucial importance to define what piety is. We have further prove that it is the most relevant definition, because in accordance with the well-known philosopher Kierkegaard, the most precious role Christian religious play in our life is forgiveness. Thus, for humans it is very important to reach the highest degree of love, which can be given to humans by gods instead of prayer and a sacrifice. There is a constant arguing between Socrates and Euthyphro. At first, Socrates rejects an example of piety provided by Euthyphro (5d). The second definition of piety given by Euthyphro is also criticized by Socrates. Socrates in this dialogue is positioned as a patient polemist. Therefore, Socrates step by step claims that pious is pious, because it has certain reasons for that. Socrates makes an attempt to define piety himself. For this philosopher piety â€Å"is a species of the genius ‘justice’† (12d). Moreover, Socrates suggests finding a moral goodness in pious actions. At the same time he offers to differentiate between just and pious actions. On the one hand, it may sound weird and may seem to simplistic, when Euthyphro suggests the final and the best definition of piety. He introduces mutually beneficial relationships between gods and humans: people are providing gifts to gods and gods favor them in turn. The most beneficial notion made by Euthyphro is that gifts given to gods do not have a commercial basis. Gifts given to gods are honor, esteem and favor (15a). Consequently, this short dialogue written by Plato is a chain of ethical and logical concerns, which result in the final definition of piety. For the modern readers, it is very interesting to follow the idea of ancient philosophers and see a possible way of making judgments about complicated issues. The issue of piety is rather complicated, because it is hard to differentiate

Streptococcus pyogenes Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Streptococcus pyogenes - Essay Example Most types need an enriched media (blood agar). They spread through respiratory secretions. In human- beings, Streptococci causing diseases generally occur in the respiratory tract, bloodstream or appear as skin diseases. If it is a respiratory infection, then its habitat would be the pharyngitis or tonsillitis but in case of a skin infection it occurs as pyoderma. Streptococcus Pyogenes creates inflammatory lesions at the portal of its entry which is most often the upper portion of the respiratory tract. At times it infects the lower respiratory tract and causes infections of the sinuses (sinusitis), or lungs (pneumonia) or the middle ear (otitis media), Streptococci are both useful as well as harmful. They are essential and are used as indicators of pollution and in various dairy and industrial processes. But beside its good side, it also has a dangerous side to it. Of all bacterial pathogens that attack humans, streptococcus A causes the most number of diseases. It is harmful and causes many significant diseases among which are – rheumatic heart, impetigo, scarlet fever glomerulonephritis, and pneumococcal pneumonia, bacteremia, meningitis, periodontal disease and pneumonia. For the past several decades scientists and researchers have focused their attention on two primary species which cause severe infections: They are - S pyogenes (group A streptococci) and S pneumoniae (pneumococci). Streptococcus pyogenes is a common and clinically important human bacterial pathogen causing a wide range of invasive and non-invasive disease, as well as non-suppurative sequelae. (Cunningham, M. W. (2000) Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 13, 470–511). This bacteria attacks the inner lining of the throat and is highly contagious. Symptoms include severe pain and redness of the throat. The patient experiences swelling within the throat and has difficulty in swallowing. This is accompanied by fever and uneasiness. It is very difficult to diagnose

Professional Articles Review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Professional Articles Review - Essay Example Journal Of Science Teacher Education, 21(2), 161-179. Doi: 10.1007/s10972-009-9161-8.758540. Mizrap, B. (2013). Teaching science through play in kindergarten: does integrated play and science instruction build understanding? European Early Childhood Education Research Journal. Vol. 21, No. 2, 226–249, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1350293X.2013.789195. The Effects of Kindergarten Experiences on Childrens Elementary Science Achievement educational policymakers struggle to form a curriculum that could help utilize the maximum potential of every child. It is apparent that the policymakers try to understand when and what should be done to enhance the cognitive growth in every child. The article The Effects of Kindergarten Experiences on Children’s Elementary Science Achievement presents answers to these issues obtained through statistical analysis of sample data consisting of 4,490 kindergarten children. The research conducted a quantitative analysis using the idea that there is a powerful connection between early childhood education and children intellectual development (Kumtepe, Kaya & Kumtepe, 2009, p. 978). Similarly, the authors talked about a study of student teachers attitudes that teaches science during preschool teacher education and how that influences them and affects their visions of the teacher’s role and th eir positions in science teaching. Furthermore, the author believes that a teacher’s role and attitudes toward science and science teaching will affect preschool teacher’s behavior and confidence in the training teacher program. In the article ‘‘Science Talks’’ in Kindergarten Classrooms: Improving Classroom Practice Through Collaborative Action Research, this article explores the importance of assimilating science talks in Kindergarten classrooms as a contemporary teaching technique of centralized learning. Sarah, a Kindergarten teacher, demonstrates the importance of science talks in promoting learning of science. Integrating

Debating Same-Sex Marriage Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Debating Same-Sex Marriage - Essay Example In this essay, the researcher shall portray the reasons as to why individuals would be for or against same-sex marriages before he gives a brief statement on what the society should opt for. Many arguments have been shot to support same-sex marriages that include homosexuals and lesbianism. Arguments have hit debates that since there is no evidence that same-sex parents are not poorer than heterosexual parents and that different individuals make more stable couples and that they do not have any impact on parenting abilities, they, therefore, are relatively better than heterosexual couples. Others have argued that same-sex marriages are unrelated to polygamous relationships which make it considerably a better way to escape cheating and unfaithful couples in marriage. Opponents to same-sex marriages have stated that marriage is traditionally meant to be a union of one man and one woman, homosexual and lesbianism unions can be classed with polygamy as it goes against the definition. Rel igious opponents have stipulated that God created the marriage institution for the purpose of procreation. Same-sex married couples cannot reproduce. This argument is based on the concept that God exists. However, giving this a second thought the ability of same-sex couples to reproduce is not entirely a problem because we have encountered heterosexual couples that are not able to reproduce and are comfortable with it. The society should, therefore, provide gay couples with similar legal and social identities allow them to access the advice of law and equal judgments upon it so as to avoid infringing upon rights of others. Gay marriages should be allowed to enjoy the same privileges’ enjoyed by the majority because only minorities differ from the rest due to the fact that these individuals are computed in terms of feelings and relationship.

Micro-structure and Mechanical Properties Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Micro-structure and Mechanical Properties - Essay Example The metallic bonds ensure enhances the strength of the metals. Metals exhibit different levels of strength especially when they are subjected to heat. Mechanical properties of ceramics. The thermal properties of ceramics, on the other hand, are normally determined by the type of bonding present and the number of existing bonds in the ceramic material. The bonds found in ceramic materials are covalent bonds. The toughness of ceramics decreases with increase in temperature as the bonds become weaker. This is because the bond is weakened by the vibrating atoms due to heat and vice versa. Ceramics show a number of optical characteristics such as transparency, translucency, and color which are dependent on the visible light interaction with pigments. The presence of light increases its brittleness significantly. Mechanical properties of polymers. Polymers show different levels of strength particularly tensile strength and flexural strength. Unreinforced polymers normally have a tensile st rength of 10-100Mpa. Polymers also have different levels of elongation which is the change that occurs on the shape of the polymer as a result of stretching due to change in temperature.The change in microstructure makes Polymers have different values of the modulus. Polymers lose their toughness when subjected to high temperatures and become brittle when subjected to sub zero temperatures. This is as a result of the strengthening of the covalent bonds between molecules. To enhance strength polymers should be subjected to low temperatures.

Philippine Culture Essay Example for Free

Philippine Culture Essay The culture of the Philippines is very diverse. This is due to the colorful combination of different nations with our country. Its culture is reflected by the complexity of the history of the Philippines through the blending of Pre-Hispanic indigenous Austronesian civilizations. There are a number of countries that have influenced Philippine culture such as Spain, United States, China, India, and the Arabs. The influences of these countries are visible in the various practices of the Filipinos up to the present. The Spaniards brought the Spanish language, Catholicism and other religious celebrations such as fiestas. The American influence is evident in the use of the English language and the presence of contemporary pop culture such as fast-food, music, movies, basketball and media. The Arabs and Indians brought Islam to the southernmost island of the Philippines along with their own customs and traditions. The Chinese brought trade and commerce to the country as well as their affirmation of the importance of respect and family. Society The locals of the Philippines are called Filipinos. Their primary ancestors are the Malays who came from the southeastern Asian country which is now called Indonesia. The Philippines is a combined society, both singular and plural in form. It is singular as one nation, but plural in that it is fragmented geographically and culturally. The nation is divided between Christians, Muslims, and other religious-ethno-linguistic groups; between urban and rural people; between upland and lowland people; and between the rich and the poor. Although different in numerous ways, the Filipinos are very hospitable and give appropriate respect to everybody regardless of race, culture and belief. Family In a traditional Filipino family, the father is considered the head and the provider of the family while the mother takes responsibility of the domestic needs and in charge of the emotional growth and values formation of the children. Children see their mothers as soft and calm, while they regard their fathers as strong and the most eminent figure in the family. Another particular trait of Filipinos is their strong respect for elders. Children are taught from birth how to say â€Å"po† and â€Å"opo† to teach them as early as possible how to properly respect their elders. These words are used to show respect to people of older level. Upon arriving home, conservative families expect children to practice the kissing of hands or touching their parents or elder family members’ hand to their foreheads with the words â€Å"mano po† as a sort of greeting. Within the family, the parents are expected to receive the highest respect from the children along with the elder siblings, as they are given the responsibility to look after younger siblings when parents are not around. Answering back or addressing parents or elder siblings with an arrogant tone are not at all tolerated in children. The children are also not allowed to leave the house without their parents’ permission. Upon reaching adulthood, Filipino children are not obliged to leave their homes after finishing school. In fact, most of them maintain their close relationship with their parents by staying at home at least before they get married. Moreover, Filipinos keep close connection with other relatives. They recognize them from the second degree to the last they can identify. Weddings The majority of Filipino weddings are now Catholic weddings, but some native traditions remain. Most have special â€Å"sponsors† who act as witnesses to the marriage. The principal sponsors could be godparents, counselors, a favorite uncle and aunt, even a parent. Secondary sponsors handle special parts of the ceremony, such as the candle, cord and veil ceremonies. Candle sponsors light two candles, which the bride and groom use to light a single candle to symbolize the joining of the two families and to invoke the light of Christ in their married life. Veil sponsors place a white veil over the bride’s head and the groom’s shoulders, a symbol of two people clothed as one. Cord sponsors drape the yugal (a decorative silk cord in a figure-eight shape) over the shoulders of the bride and groom to symbolize everlasting fidelity. The groom gives the bride 13 coins or arrhae, blessed by the priest, as a sign of his dedication to his wife’s well-being and the we lfare of their future children. Death Death in the Philippines is one of the most important occasions in family life, as attested to by a humorous statement that families have large reunions only during â€Å"Binyag, Kasal at Libing† (Baptisms, Weddings, and Burials/Funerals). Once a Filipino dies, it is traditional to hold a wake. Deceased men are dressed in the traditional Barong Tagalog while women are dressed in either black dresses or in their best dress. Relatives that are closest to the deceased are customarily dressed in black, and women use black veils as well. Caskets of Filipinos are often covered with glass, with the inner part of the lid containing ribbons with the names of the deceased person’s immediate family. Behind the casket is a crucifix between two candles. Flowers are often given in condolence to the family, with a message from the donor written on a ribbon attached to the flowers. Family members keep vigil, pray, eat, talk, and socialize with guests. It is traditional, as with the oth er aspects of Philippine culture, to be hospitable to the guests; this is done by offering food and refreshments to those mourning with the family. After the death of a person, a nine-day period of having a novena of prayers and Masses offered up to the deceased is held, although the beginning of the Siyam na araw varies, but usually ends the week after the death. Another period follows after death, the 40-day mourning period. Family members indicate their state of bereavement by wearing a small, black rectangular plastic pin on their left breast or breast pocket area. A ceremonial mass is held at the end of this 40 day period. Common belief states that the soul goes to Heaven after these 40 days, following the belief that Jesus Christ ascended to Heaven after the said period of days. The 1 year death anniversary is also a bit significant, as well as the subsequent birth anniversaries of the deceased. Many foreign relatives come to mourn the death of their lost ones. Death is very emotional experience among those close to the deceased. Values The Filipinos are known to be hospitable. But aside from this trait, there are many other values that the Filipinos possess which help them live harmoniously with their neighbors. These have also made the Filipinos appealing towards others due to their pleasant demeanor. The following are some of the Filipino values: Bayanihan is the creation of an association with neighbors and helping whenever one is in disastrous need. Close Family Ties are something the Filipinos are well-known for. The primary social welfare system for the Filipino is the family. Many Filipinos live near their family for most of their lives, even as independent adults. Pakikisama or harmony, involves getting along with others to preserve a harmonious relationship. Hiya is shame and a motivating factor behind behavior. It is a sense of social decency and compliance to public norms and behavior. Filipinos believe they must live up to the accepted standards of behavior and if they fail to do so they bring shame not only upon themselves, but also upon their family. Utang na Loob or Debt of Gratitude, is owed by one to a person who has helped him great. There is a local saying: ‘Ang hindi marunong lumingon sa pinanggalinangan ay hindi makakarating sa paroroonan’, meaning, ‘One who does not look back o where he started, will no get to where he is going.’ Amor Propio is concern for self image. Filipinos believe that how they present themselves to others is an important aspect to be accepted in society. Delicadeza or sense of propriety refers to sensitivity regarding the limits of proper behavior or ethics in a situation. Filipinos try to avoid even the appearance of impropriety. Palabra de Honor or word of honor is very important to the Filipinos. They believe that one must keep their word whenever they make a promise for the person to whom one has made a promise will count on it. Beliefs Before the coming of the Spaniards and the introduction of Roman Catholicism, the indigenous inhabitants were believer of animism, or the worship of nature. Bathala was the supreme god of the tagalogs, symbolized by the sun. Other Tagalog gods and goddesses include the moon, stars, and even objects such as trees, shrubs, mountains, or rocks. The spirits consist of aswang (ghoul), tikbalang, (a man having the head of a horse), kapre (a giant that smokes tabacco), tiyanak(resurrected aborted babies), dwende (dwarves and elves), engkanto (minor spirits), and diwata (fairies and nymphs). Food A typical Filipino meal consists of at least one viand (ulam) served with boiled or fried rice (kanin). Filipinos also regularly use spoons together with forks. They also eat with their hands, especially in informal settings and when eating seafood. Accompanying rice, popular dishes such as adobo (a meat stew made from either pork or chicken), lumpia (mat or vegetable rolls), pancit (noodle dish), and lechon (whole roasted pig) are served on plate. Other popular dishes include: afritada, asado, chorizo sausages used in pancit or fried rice, empanadas, mais (corn), mani (roasted peanuts), paksiw (fish, cooked in vinegar and water, some spices like garlic and pepper), pan de sal (salted bread rolls), pescado (fried or grilled fish), torta (omelette). Indigenous Filipino and regional cuisine include: dinuguan, kare-kare (ox-tail stew), kilawen, pinakbet (vegetable stew), pinapaitan, and sinigang (tamarind soup with a variety of pork, fish or shrimp). One delicacy eaten by the Filipino people but are reprehensible to some western cultures is balut (a boiled fertilized duck egg). Popular snacks and desserts indulged in are chicharon, halo-halo, puto, bibingka, ensaymada, polvoron, and tsokolate. Popular local liquors include lambanog, tuba, and basi. Architecture Pre-Hispanic architecture is usually characterized by using indigenous woody materials. The bahay kubo is the mainstream form of housing. It is characterized by the use of indigenous materials such as bamboo and coconut as the main source of wood. Cogon grass and nipa palm leaves are used as roof thatching, although coconut fronds are also used. Most are usually on stilts due to the frequent floods and rainwater during the wet season. Regional variations include the use of thicker and denser roof thatching in mountain areas, longer stilts on coastal areas especially if the structure is built outright on the water. The architecture of some tribes in other regions is characterized by very angular wooden roofs, bamboo in place of leafy thatching and ornate wooden carvings, especially on Mindanao Island. The Spanish introduced stones as housing materials. The introduction of Christianity brought western style churches and subsequently became the center of most towns. Colonial era architecture still survives in Intramuros and Vigan. Contemporary architecture usually favors western-style structures although pre-Hispanic housing is still largely common in rural areas. American style suburban gated communities are popular in the cities, especially Metro Manila and surrounding provinces. Famous Artworks in the Philippines EDSA People Power Monument EDSA, Quezon City The monument towering along EDSA was designed by sculptor Eduardo Castrillo in 1993. The structure was cast to serve as a tribute to the brave Filipinos who marched along the now-historic avenue of EDSA during the 1986 People Power Revolution to overthrow former president Ferdinand Marcos. Quezon Memorial Circle Elliptical Road, Quezon City The Quezon Memorial Circle, the tallest triad structure in Quezon City, was designed by Filipino architect Federico Ilustre. The three vertical pylons of this 66 (Quezons age when he died) meter tall monument correspond to the three major islands of the Philippines(Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao). Each is topped with a mourning angel holding a sampaguita wreath, all crafted by an Italian sculptor named Francesco Riccardo Monti. Housed inside the two-story barrel-like base is a museum with the remains and other priceless treasures of the late President Manuel L. Quezon. The construction of this Carrara marble-made monument was completed in time for the centennial of Quezons birth in 1978. By the mandate of President Ferdinand Marcos, the site was declared a National Historical Landmark under the Presidential Decree No. 260. U.P. Oblation University of the Philippines The University of the Philippines’ renowned landmark, the Oblation, is a masterpiece of National Artist Guillermo Tolentino. In 1935, Guillermo was commissioned by Rafael Palma (then University President) to craft a monument that would express in visual form the second stanza of Jose Rizal’s Mi Ultimo Adios (â€Å"Last Farewell†). The concrete statue painted in bronze stands 3.5 meter high (to represent the 350 years of Spanish colonization of the Philippines) on a pile of rocks symbolizing the islands of the Philippines. Funding for the statue was raised through a 2-month fund campaign that garnered P2,000. The model for the statue was widely rumored to be Fernando Poe, Sr. though there are sources that claim that the real model was Guillermo’s student apprentice Anastacio Caedo. Andres Bonifacio Monument Bonifacio Circle, Monumento, Caloocan City The sculpture featuring a 45-foot high pylon topped by a winged figure of victory was crafted by national artist Guillermo Tolentino in 1929. It commemorates the famous proletarian hero Andres Bonifacio with his revolutionary group, the Katipunan, fighting for the causes of Philippine Revolution injustice, suffering and resistance. The Supremo in his Barong Tagalog, holding a bolo on his right hand and a revolver on the other, stands in front of 22 darkened bronze figures at the base of an octagonal obelisk, the number of sides of which symbolize the first eight provinces that armed against the Spaniards. Other historic figures on the monument are Emilio Jacinto (the â€Å"Brains of Katipunan†) and the three hooded martyred priests (Gomez, Burgos, and Zamora). Leading to the monument are three steps which represent the three centuries of Spanish rule. Cultural Center of the Philippines Roxas Boulevard, Manila Standing on the 21-hectare piece of land along Roxas Boulevard, Manila is Leandro Locsins (National Artist for Architecture) envisioned edifice that serves as the Philippines national center for performing arts – the Cultural Center of the Philippines (CCP). This architectural work is considered one of the most significant landmarks in the country. Completed in 1969, the CCP main building faces the reclaimed land inManila Bay with its marble facade. At its sides are two arching columns beamed 12 meters from the terrace. In front is a large lagoon with fountains illuminated by underwater lights during nighttime. It houses four premier theaters, an ethnographic museum, galleries, and a Philippine arts and culture library. Manila Metropolitan Theater Padre Burgos Street, Manila The Manila Metropolitan Theater- located at the Padre Burgos Street was formerly Manilas premier venue for theatrical performances. Built in 1935, this art deco structure was designed by the distinguished Filipino architect Juan M. de Guzman Arellano. The bronze sculptures of female figures on the facade of the theater are works by the Italian sculptor Francesco Riccardo Monti. Inside, there are relief carvings of Philippine plants that adorns the lobby walls and interior surfaces of the building designed by the artist Isabelo Tampinco. It needed to be reconstructed after the US and Filipino liberation in Manila in 1945, fell into disuse in the 1960s, was partly restored in the following decade, and fell again into disrepair. It is currently undergoing renovation through Manila City government’s project to restore its historical buildings. The Transfiguration Eternal Garden Memorial Park, Balintawak, Quezon City The brass and bronze sculpture entitled â€Å"The Transfiguration† (1979) is one of Napoleon Abueva’s (national artist and Father of Modern Philippine Sculpture) religious-themed creations, found at the Eternal Garden Memorial Park. His other famous masterpieces that attest to his religiosity include the â€Å"Kiss of Judas† (1955) and the â€Å"Thirty Pieces of History†. Pinaglabanan Shrine Barrio Paraiso, San Juan, Metro Manila A major work of art by Filipino sculptor Eduardo Castrillo is his creation the Pinaglabanan Shrine (1974), located in San Juan, Metro Manila. Also known as Spirit of Pinaglabanan, the shrine is composed of three cut and welded brass figures on a 10 x 4.3 x 4.3 meter sculptured concrete base. This was built in commemoration of the first battle of the 1896 Revolution, which happened on this site. Filipino Struggles Through History (Mural) Bulwagang Katipunan, Manila City Hall One of the most striking murals of Carlos â€Å"Botong† Francisco entitled Filipino Struggles Through History (1963) can be found in the Bulwagang Katipunan of Manila City Hall. As commissioned by former Manila Mayor Antonio Villegas, this 270487 centimeter mural was painted in three panels chronicling the history of Manila and the Philippines. It depicts the panoramic episodes of the first great Rajahs of Tondo, the Spanish colonial period, the 1896 Revolution and other events up to the American colonial period. Also seen in this mural are famous Philippine historical personalities such as Jose Rizal, Andres Bonifacio, Francisco Balagtas, and Limahong.